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		<title>Social Media, Privacy, and Identity Theft in 2012</title>
		<link>https://ericweaver.com/social-media-privacy-and-identity-theft-in-2012/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Feb 2012 17:15:58 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[How much are those social connections worth? Why maintaining a large social media footprint might be really, really bad]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>The question is, can we have our online social connections <em>and</em> enough privacy control to safeguard our identities?</h2>
<p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>This problem is far, far worse than you might think</li>
<li>Identity theft is on the rise &#8211; and social data is powering that rise</li>
<li>Your face + your public social data can equal identity theft and bank fraud</li>
<li>Governments and some predatory corporations now have access to, and are shopping for, illegal hacking and surveillance tools</li>
<li>This isn&#8217;t about &#8220;targeted marketing&#8221;</li>
<li>We&#8217;re a bit addicted, aren&#8217;t we? We turn off our risk-o-meter. And social media enthusiasts may be the most resistant to the idea of social-powered risk.</li>
<li>Government is waking up to the problem, and Obama passes a new Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights &#8211;  a step in the right direction (see &#8220;2013 Update&#8221; at the end of this article)</li>
</ul>
<h2>A social strategist — concerned that social media has lost much of its safety</h2>
<p><strong>I COUNSEL FORTUNE 500 COMPANIES ON CORPORATE SOCIAL MEDIA FOR A LIVING</strong>. I also have a full-on love affair with both social networking and with my friends and my connections to them. Social technologies and memes are not just an interest, they pay my mortgage <em>and</em> they make me smile on a daily basis. They bring a tremendous richness to my life.</p>
<p><strong>I&#8217;M ALSO A PRIVACY PRAGMATIST. </strong>I realize that if I want those connections and that constant stream of friend data, there is some risk involved. So when I post anything, I&#8217;m thoughtful about who might see it. I also know the business models of many sites rely on advertising and ad sales &#8211; and I&#8217;m cool with them making a buck within the context of a trusted, transparent relationship.</p>
<p><em>But as careful as we may be with what we post, a growing list of privacy breaches, bugs, and corporate malfeasance incidents put our identity, the control of our privacy, and ultimately our bank accounts in jeopardy. </em>Our happy days of connecting with friends, and sharing a lot of info, without concern about privacy risk, have come to an end.</p>
<p>For the latter half of 2011 and into early 2012, we witnessed a significant increase in privacy breaches, bad corporate behavior and other Web-related violations of the social compact &#8211; each one seemingly more egregious than the previous. Concerned, I began looking into privacy and social media &#8211; particularly around Facebook, my primary social network.</p>
<p>Much to my dismay, I found myriad examples of privacy gaffes and slip-ups, along with powerful and secretive surveillance companies mining social media, and opportunities for identity thieves to use your social footprint to defraud you. Apparently, it&#8217;s easier than ever.</p>
<p>&#8220;Well, duh,&#8221; you snort. &#8220;None of that&#8217;s a surprise.&#8221; Here are a few things that might raise your eyebrows &#8211; or the hair on the back of your neck.</p>
<h2>Serious new risk from identity theft</h2>
<h3><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft" style="padding-right: 20px;" alt="" src="http://cache.io9.com/assets/images/8/2009/07/ssn.jpg" width="300" height="250" /></h3>
<h3>Identity theft is on the rise &#8211; powered in part by social sharing</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/22/idtheft-javelin-idUSL2E8DM1WJ20120222?utm_source=twitterfeed&amp;utm_medium=twitter">According to a report by Javelin Research</a>, social media users who post their personal information online or with smartphone apps are helping fuel the rise of identity theft in the US, up 13% in 2011 from 2010. Through accidental posts revealing too much, to naïve newbies who don&#8217;t realize the reach and search ability of social information, we are aiding those we&#8217;d rather not in taking our identity. For example:</p>
<h3>Your photo, coupled with public social data, can lead thieves directly to your Social Security Number</h3>
<p>A <a title="CBS News" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-20088678-501465.html">recent CBS News story</a> on <a title="Faces of Facebook - Carnegie Mellon study" href="http://www.heinz.cmu.edu/~acquisti/face-recognition-study-FAQ/acquisti-faces-BLACKHAT-draft.pdf " target="_blank">a study by Carnegie Mellon researchers</a> showed that all it takes to get very very close to your SSN is a photo and public identity data available from paid databases or social networks. They even developed an iPhone test app that could extrapolate a social security number <em>from a face &#8211; within three seconds</em>. Take a snapshot, an image search occurs, your public social data is scanned, and voila, a SSN! Which means that nefarious parties with some cash, software and statistical savvy can use your online photos to steal your identity and clean out your bank account, just by walking by and snapping your photo. No I&#8217;m not kidding. Read <a href="http://packetstormsecurity.org/files/download/78974/PNAS-2009-Acquisti-0904891106.pdf" target="_blank">the whitepaper</a> to see how it&#8217;s done.</p>
<h3>Inference engines, powered by freely available social media data, can fill in informational &#8220;holes&#8221; about you</h3>
<p>Even when someone doesn&#8217;t have <em>all</em> the data on you, it&#8217;s easy to fill in the pieces, particularly if you&#8217;ve been active in social. The more you&#8217;ve willingly posted, the more likely it is that inference engines will accurately fill in the holes of what they don&#8217;t know about you, including behavioral projections, password projections and remaining pieces of your private personal data. Add social media to what <a href="http://intelius.com" target="_blank">data brokers</a> sell, and you have identity theft on steroids <em>and</em> cocaine.</p>
<h3>Facial recognition software now ties your face to your online footprint</h3>
<p>THINK ABOUT IT &#8211; do you really want interested parties &#8211; government, corporations, stalkers, exes, opportunistic litigators, the press &#8211; being able to dig up dirt on you, from just your face? Facial recognition software has become rampant &#8211; perhaps irrevocably so. The problem is its use within social networks, where it can be tied to all sorts of very private information that you might not want others to have access to.</p>
<p>Law enforcement has become attracted to the power of this software in helping catch criminals, but simultaneously, its track record on a few high-profile tests netted few if any suspects.</p>
<p>Fortunately, lawmakers have taken notice about facial recognition. The real test is whether they do anything about it.</p>
<h3>Once you&#8217;ve been defrauded, it&#8217;s going to get much harder to get your money back</h3>
<p>This year, I had my first real identity theft, in which someone placed a skimmer (<a href="http://www.snopes.com/fraud/atm/atmcamera.asp" target="_blank">visual examples</a>) on an ATM I used and created a fake debit card. They cleaned out my account. <strong>The surprise</strong>: how difficult my bank made it to get my money back, stating concerns that perhaps it was ME who was trying to defraud them! The investigation — in which I was simultaneously and very clearly using the &#8220;same&#8221; card in another part of the state — took two full months.</p>
<p>So don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s a simple call to your bank anymore. To protect themselves, banks need to do some digging on you as well.</p>
<h2>Corporations and governments putting themselves first — and you last</h2>
<h3>Facebook using cookies to capture site visits — even when you&#8217;re logged out of Facebook</h3>
<p>Facebook has been capturing URLs of sites you visit even when you&#8217;re logged out, &#8220;for your own safety and protection,&#8221; <a href="http://techland.time.com/2011/09/26/facebook-cookies-work-even-if-youre-logged-out-for-your-own-good/" target="_blank">claimed one FB engineer</a>. Facebook says this practice helps prevent fraudsters from logging in on public computers as you. Unconvinced, <a href="http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2394032,00.asp" target="_blank">several plaintiffs are now suing Facebook</a> for violation of federal wiretap laws.</p>
<p>In 2011, the <a href="http://mashable.com/2011/11/29/facebook-ftc-settlement/" target="_blank">FTC filed a formal complaint</a> about Facebook&#8217;s privacy claims &#8211; calling them &#8220;deceptive.&#8221; The company settled in November, after which FTC Chairman Jon Leibowitz praised Mark <a href="https://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=10150378701937131" target="_blank">Zuckerberg&#8217;s blog post</a> making a commitment to privacy. So are you ready to trust? <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/well-these-new-zuckerberg-ims-wont-help-facebooks-privacy-problems-2010-5" target="_blank">Read this article on Mark Zuckerberg first</a>.</p>
<p>In my opinion, that attitude totally conforms with <a href="http://allthingsd.com/20111129/the-apologies-of-zuckerberg-a-retrospective/?mod=obinsite" target="_blank">this article</a> about half-apologies and privacy boundary pushing.</p>
<h3>Former CTO claims that forcing you to move to Timeline is a mechanism to sell more ads</h3>
<p>This year, you&#8217;ll have to choose to convert to Timeline and its Sponsored Stories ad product – or leave Facebook. Why the push to Timeline? A<a href="http://www.betabeat.com/2011/12/23/exclusive-leaked-details-of-how-facebook-plans-to-sell-your-timeline-to-advertisers/" target="_blank"> supposed former CTO shared a presentation</a> on how Facebook appears to be ramping up ad placement technology in preparation for an IPO. His or her identity has been kept secret by Business Insider. Hoax? Perhaps. But it makes sense.</p>
<h3>Predatory marketers are totally cool with practices that would be considered completely unacceptable if done by friends or neighbors</h3>
<p>From <a href="http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/node/6740">Stanford Law School&#8217;s Center for Internet &amp; Society</a>: &#8220;Click the local Home Depot ad and your email address gets handed to a dozen companies monitoring you. Your web browsing, past, present, and future, is now associated with your identity. Swap photos with friends on Photobucket and clue a couple dozen more into your username. Keep tabs on your favorite teams with Bleacher Report and you pass your full name to a dozen again. This isn&#8217;t a 1984-esque scaremongering hypothetical. This is what&#8217;s happening today.&#8221;</p>
<p>Many marketers and management teams have let fear and recessionary pressures drive them to unethical techniques that would be considered sociopathic if done by individuals. Bypass consumer control and you destroy trust. Destroy trust, decrease your transactions. Destroy your reputation, destroy your revenue.</p>
<h3>But isn&#8217;t targeted marketing a good thing?</h3>
<p><strong>Yes, of course</strong>. If I <em>have</em> to have advertising in exchange for free site use, absolutely I&#8217;d rather it be targeted than shotgunned. But <strong>I should be able to control what I give up in exchange.</strong> And corporations should give me fair warning when they use it &#8211; not try to sneak it in the background. As Joshua Topolsky so smartly noted in a <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/privacy-controversy-over-path-for-iphone-ipad-should-be-a-wake-up-call/2012/02/15/gIQA8oHVGR_story.html">recent Washington Post article</a>, &#8220;simply acknowledging that you’re going to take [our] data doesn’t make it a good idea; it just means that now we know you’ve got it.&#8221;</p>
<h3>Couple this with a very alarming WSJ report on how corporations and governments are buying massively powerful and sometimes illegal hacking and surveillance technologies</h3>
<p>The Wall Street Journal recently did <a href="http://projects.wsj.com/surveillance-catalog/" target="_blank">a chilling exposé on a private hacking and surveillance technology conference</a> in which surveillance vendors hawked their wares to governments and corporations. The public and press were denied entry to this conference &#8211; because of the potential public alarm it would cause.</p>
<p>Recently the WSJ updated the site with <a href="http://projects.wsj.com/surveillance-catalog/attendees/">a list of the US and foreign agencies who are shopping for illegal hacking and surveillance tools</a>.</p>
<h2>Culturally, shouldn&#8217;t we care more?</h2>
<h3>Europeans seem far more concerned about Facebook and privacy than we do</h3>
<p>These worries aren&#8217;t just in the US. European countries like <a href="http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/security/2011/06/09/privacy-watchdog-probes-facebook-facial-recognition-40093048/" target="_blank">the UK</a>, <a href="http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/b3e027a8-2be2-11e1-98bc-00144feabdc0.html" target="_blank">Ireland</a> and <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/aug/03/facebook-facial-recognition-privacy-germany" target="_blank">Germany are growing quite concerned</a> about Facebook, social networks, facial recognition and privacy. FB is taking steps to defuse the situation. More: &#8220;<a href="http://mashable.com/2011/11/28/facebook-european-commission-privacy-advertisers/" target="_blank">EU Set to Slap Facebook With Privacy Sanctions</a>&#8221;</p>
<h3>All of this has also alarmed many long-time Internet veterans, several of whom are permanently logging out of Facebook</h3>
<p><strong><a href="http://twitter.com/stoweboyd" target="_blank">Stowe Boyd</a></strong>, managing director at Work Talk,  <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U28qui088GY" target="_blank">has spoken out against FB&#8217;s privacy follies</a>. NYU&#8217;s <strong><a href="http://twitter.com/zephoria" target="_blank">Danah Boyd</a></strong> (unrelated to Stowe) is <a href="http://www.zephoria.org/thoughts/archives/2010/05/14/facebook-and-radical-transparency-a-rant.html" target="_blank">rightfully angry over the forcing of the masses</a> to share personal data. <strong><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/davewiner" target="_blank">Dave Winer</a></strong>, the social media pioneer who invented the podcasting concept, has bailed, out of <a href="http://scripting.com/stories/2011/09/24/facebookIsScaringMe.html" target="_blank">concerns about Facebook&#8217;s alleged lack of privacy</a>.</p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/U28qui088GY" height="315" width="560" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<h3>Surprisingly, many in the general user population don&#8217;t seem to care about the pervasiveness of surveillance and the selling of their information</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/story/2011-10-14/gallup-facebook-poll/50806620/1" target="_blank">Several surveys</a> have been done that show that, despite multiple breaches of privacy and the resultant press coverage, many Facebook users don&#8217;t really seem to care — perhaps the desire to stay connected is that strong, or perhaps a feeling of powerlessness to change the trend. Are people just not aware that the more of a social footprint you leave, the bigger the risk of serious identity fraud? See &#8220;<a href="http://www.dmconfidential.com/blogs/category/Social_Networks/2486/" target="_blank">Facebook Users Don&#8217;t Care About Privacy After All</a>&#8221; and &#8220;<a href="http://thehill.com/blogs/hillicon-valley/technology/138491-facebook-privacy-is-awful-but-users-dont-care-security-expert-says" target="_blank">Facebook privacy is awful, but users don&#8217;t care, security expert says</a>&#8221;</p>
<h3>We&#8217;re also accepting half-assed answers — and few are being held accountable</h3>
<p>Senator Al Franken, in his role on the Senate Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law, <a href="http://money.cnn.com/2011/12/01/technology/carrier_iq/index.htm" target="_blank">demanded mobile software developer CarrierIQ explain </a>its keylogging software. While <a href="http://franken.senate.gov/files/letter/111214_CarrierIQ_Response_to_Sen_Franken.pdf" target="_blank">CarrierIQ</a> and several mobile networks <a href="http://franken.senate.gov/?p=press_release&amp;id=1891" target="_blank">responded</a>, Franken continues to be &#8220;<a href="http://franken.senate.gov/?p=press_release&amp;id=1891" target="_blank">very troubled by what&#8217;s going on</a> … there are still many questions to be answered here and things that need to be fixed.&#8221; Lame mea culpas about privacy violations aren&#8217;t just coming from Facebook. YOUR MOBILE PHONE KEYSTROKES WERE BEING CAPTURED WITHOUT YOUR KNOWLEDGE. People should be SCREAMING about this.</p>
<h3>But should the blame also be on us? Are we creating a culture in which fear makes it acceptable to stalk anyone in your life?</h3>
<p>Significant others, professionals, and others we meet in real life, can now be investigated via sites like <a href="http://beenverified.com" target="_blank">BeenVerified</a>. Have you seen <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6boeAfMhao" target="_blank">the commercials</a>? Some will say that if you&#8217;re doing nothing wrong, you have nothing to hide. But seriously — are you ready for <em>this</em> level of transparency? A dentist doing a background check to see if he should work on your teeth? A mortgage company&#8217;s loan offer being retracted because they found the WRONG record, for a different person with the same name?</p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/M6boeAfMhao" height="315" width="560" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p>A few years ago, I had all of my personal checks come back as fraudulent &#8211; because someone at CheckFree had miskeyed an account number by one digit, matching mine. Of course, there was no easy way to contact the company &#8211; and it took weeks to get my checking account number off the black list. What happens when the wrong social media data is pulled?</p>
<p>Or are we just accepting a lack of privacy as the norm, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/jan/11/facebook-privacy" target="_blank">as Mark Zuckerberg suggests</a>?</p>
<h3>Think about your social footprint in the context of companies that are mining social data to stalk and report on you</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.socialintel.com/social-media-employment-screening/" target="_blank">New software and services</a> offer unparalleled investigation into your social efforts. An underwriter might review your publicly available social media data to find out if you really did hurt yourself. I don&#8217;t mind fraud checking but this business practice has been largely ignored by the news media. What if I&#8217;m sick with a flu, but feel well enough to post &#8220;I have a flu&#8221; &#8211; and an underwriter judges me to be committing insurance fraud?</p>
<h3>Your personal details aren&#8217;t just accessed &#8211; they are shared and sold and then sold and then sold</h3>
<p>These privacy breaches aren&#8217;t just one-offs with limited outcomes. The implications echo on over time, because personal data is shared and sold. <a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/699959/criminals-open-factory-outlet-to-sell-stolen-facebook-and-twitter-logins">A recent report by CSO</a> (Chief Security Officer) shows that criminals have established an online black market for login credentials. Path might take your contact data, but if Path is hacked, your data is now public &#8211; with the wrong kind of public.</p>
<h3>Beware social media experts who downplay or disregard the risk</h3>
<p>It behooves those who make their living off of social media expertise to downplay this entire issue. I also suspect many of them are so enamored by the technologies (like me) &#8211; and dependent on the incomes they provide &#8211; that my raising these issues is like being a messenger with bad news. No one wants to hear the party may be over &#8211; not when it&#8217;s so much fun!</p>
<p>They seem willing to trade their privacy for the functionality and connection, because a deep understanding and immersion in social is key to their business. Personally? I&#8217;m not willing.</p>
<p><em><strong>IMO, this is a huge issue that all should be aware of and more should be concerned about. </strong></em></p>
<h2>There <em>is</em> some good news</h2>
<h3>Awareness about privacy violations will drive change</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2012/PIP_Privacy_management_on_social_media_sites_022412.pdf">A recent study by Pew</a> seems to indicate that an awareness about privacy, and privacy controls, is on the rise. As more people are aware of the risks, they will clamor for change, driving both legislation and corporate change.</p>
<h3>Some states are holding companies accountable</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_20020837">California just announced a privacy deal</a> with the six largest mobile Web providers that will change how millions of consumers download apps to their smartphones and tablets. Through this deal, consumers should see prominent and easy-to-understand privacy disclosures before they download an app. This is great because it strengthens the existing <a href="http://www.cooley.com/57676">California Online Privacy Act</a>.</p>
<h3>Government is finally getting involved</h3>
<p>Thankfully, the Obama administration has accelerated legislation around consumer online privacy. Last week, on February 23rd, the White House announced the creation of a <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacy-final.pdf">Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights</a> &#8211; a huge step forward toward removing the status quo. Several privacy watchdog groups <a href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2011/04/consumer-groups-skeptical-about-new-kerry-mccain-privacy-bill.ars">feel the bill doesn&#8217;t go far enough</a> &#8211; the Electronic Freedom Foundation <a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2011/05/how-would-kerry-mccain-commercial-privacy-bill">worries that it undermines privacy advances at the state level</a> &#8211; and some groups like my *cough* creepy stalker *cough* friends at the <a href="http://www.the-dma.org/cgi/disppressrelease?article=1479+++++">Direct Marketing Association are actively opposing it</a> &#8211; but I&#8217;m just glad we&#8217;ve started the conversation about giving the consumer <em>some</em> control back. This Privacy Bill of Rights push continues to unfold and we&#8217;ll likely see much more about it over the next few weeks.</p>
<h2>So what can you do?</h2>
<h3>Avoiding social is not a good strategy</h3>
<p>Simplists will say, &#8220;ya don&#8217;t want any private information to leak out? Don&#8217;t post it online!&#8221; It would be <em>great</em> if the world was such a simple place. But that&#8217;s not realistic &#8211; particularly when <a href="http://mashable.com/2011/10/23/how-recruiters-use-social-networks-to-screen-candidates-infographic/">90% of recruiters pre-screen based on LinkedIn</a>, and <strong>69% will vet a candidate based on their social footprint</strong>. Avoiding social will actually work against you in this situation.</p>
<p>And when Google is the front door for finding and vetting people (business partners, candidates, a new neighbor), having a controlled footprint is far more beneficial (think personal branding) than being invisible. In my opinion, controlled transparency is a good thing.</p>
<h3>Switch from Facebook to a more privacy-focused network?</h3>
<p>As much as I love my Facebook experience, I started looking into alternatives in January 2012 when the gaffes and breaches started seeming very intentional.</p>
<p><strong><a href="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/google_plus_logo-276x300.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft  wp-image-1273" title="google_plus_logo-276x300" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/google_plus_logo-276x300.jpg" width="80" height="86" /></a>GOOGLE+: </strong>&#8220;What about Google+,&#8221; I often get asked. I have no comment (former client) but <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903341404576480371062384798.html" target="_blank">they too recently bought a facial recognition software firm</a>. And they are in the business of finding information and selling ads.</p>
<p>Google was also caught <a href="http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/blog/2012/02/setting-record-straight-google’s-safari-tracking">circumventing cookie blocking technology within Apple&#8217;s Safari browser</a>. Circumvention of privacy controls is unethical, in my opinion, and violates consumer trust in a huge way.</p>
<p><strong><strong><a href="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/anybeat.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignright" title="anybeat" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/anybeat-150x150.jpg" width="81" height="81" /></a></strong>ANYBEAT: </strong>Anybeat sounds great on paper. Billed as an anonymous alternative to social networking, the idea of connecting while maintaining privacy seemed very interesting. But a look at the <a href="http://www.anybeat.com/privacy" target="_blank">privacy policy</a> shows you can turn off data, but that in doing so, you&#8217;ll &#8220;disable important features.&#8221; Almost as if to say, &#8220;sure, you can be private, but look at how much less fun you&#8217;ll have!&#8221; Enticement.</p>
<p><strong><a href="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/path.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft  wp-image-1275" title="path" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/path-150x71.jpg" width="105" height="50" /></a>PATH: </strong>Mobile-based <strong><a href="https://path.com/" target="_blank">Path</a></strong> — with a key selling argument that &#8220;Path is private by default&#8221; — also seemed interesting. But its <a href="https://path.com/privacy" target="_blank">policy basically state</a>s &#8220;we own all your data in conjunction with our service&#8221; — and if it gets hacked, sorry, not our problem. <em>Weak. </em>And then there is the fact that they <em>intentionally uploaded user address books from unknowing users.</em> WHAT A JOKE. &#8220;Private by default,&#8221; hunh?</p>
<p>Path may have deleted the data it uploaded &#8211; but it shouldn&#8217;t have happened in the first place.</p>
<p><strong>Stunningly, </strong>this month <a href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Horizons/2012/0216/Twitter-apologizes-for-squirreling-away-iPhone-user-data">Twitter admitted to doing the exact same thing</a>.</p>
<p><strong><a href="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/diaspora.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-1276" title="diaspora" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/diaspora-150x35.jpg" width="150" height="35" /></a>DIASPORA: </strong>New networks based on open-source code and distributed control have also thankfully appeared. The most interesting network to me is <strong><a href="http://joindiaspora.com" target="_blank">Diaspora</a></strong> — the only problem is that it <a href="http://blog.flattr.net/2011/10/the-case-diaspora-and-their-frozen-45000/" target="_blank">doesn&#8217;t seem to have the funding</a> behind it <a href="http://blogs.wsj.com/tech-europe/2011/11/07/whatever-happened-to-diaspora-the-facebook-killer/" target="_blank">to survive long-term</a>. I&#8217;m hoping they gain mass and a round of benevolent funding but in my opinion, they&#8217;re not quite ready for prime time.</p>
<p><strong><a href="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/movim.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1277" style="padding-right: 20px;" title="movim" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/movim-150x27.jpg" width="150" height="27" /></a>MOVIM.EU: </strong>From my perspective, <a href="http://movim.eu/" target="_blank"><strong>Movim.eu</strong></a>, Europe&#8217;s answer to a decentralized, more private social network, is similarly not quite ready for prime time. I&#8217;ll keep watching Diaspora and Movim, though &#8211; they&#8217;re &#8220;movim&#8221; in the right direction.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll keep my eyes open but for now, <strong>there doesn&#8217;t seem to be any social network providing the real control of security and privacy that seems reasonable.</strong> <em>Any suggestions?</em></p>
<h3>What else can you do?</h3>
<p><strong>LEARN MORE. </strong>Read up on privacy, how you can protect yourself, at the <a href="http://www.privacyrights.org/" target="_blank">Privacy Rights Clearinghouse</a>.</p>
<p><strong>BLOCK TRACKING ADS AND COOKIES: </strong>How much value do you get out of online advertising &#8211; seriously? I&#8217;m a marketer and I feel I get NONE. So why let them stalk you anyway?  <strong><a href="http://www.ghostery.com/download" target="_blank">Ghostery</a></strong>, a magnificent plug-in for several browsers, will let you see how websites are attempting to install tracking cookies &#8211; and will block them. <strong><a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ajingfifiphifhhjfmfcpklnphcijocg" target="_blank">Frictionless</a></strong>, an add-on for Google&#8217;s Chrome, will improve your privacy specifically on Facebook.</p>
<p>Also, not to be obvious-impaired, but make sure you are fully utilizing <a href="https://www.facebook.com/#!/settings/?tab=privacy" target="_blank">Facebook&#8217;s privacy settings</a>.</p>
<p><strong>DISCONNECT COMPLETELY:</strong> What if you want to delete your Facebook account completely? It&#8217;s an option. But do this <strong>very carefully</strong> to back yourself out of the servers so as not to leave undeletable data that lives on after you&#8217;re gone.<strong> &#8220;FoodAndArt&#8221; posted <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/8618-501465_162-20088678.html?assetTypeId=41&amp;messageId=11128296&amp;blogId=" target="_blank">this six-step approach</a></strong> to leaving Facebook on CBSNews.com as a means to leave as small a trace as possible.</p>
<p><strong>COMPLAIN UP A STORM! </strong>Write your congress representatives and senators. The conversation is heating up right now about this issue. Make sure you&#8217;re heard.</p>
<h3>&#8220;What about you, Eric?&#8221;</h3>
<p>I&#8217;m doing a few things differently.</p>
<p><strong>PRUNING A LOT OF FACEBOOK DATA: </strong>I&#8217;ve started deleting photos and extemporaneous posts from Facebook, while not hiding things that are already widely available in the public record (like cities where I&#8217;ve lived). I&#8217;m also removing Likes, disconnecting tangential connections, and thinning the content into a smaller public online profile I am comfortable sharing.</p>
<p><strong>REMOVING MY FOOTPRINT FROM NETWORKS THAT OFFER LITTLE VALUE: </strong>Path? Deleting it. Xing? Bebo? MySpace? FourSquare? Either deleting my profiles or stopping my activity. I&#8217;m a huge FourSquare fan so that&#8217;s saying a lot.</p>
<p><strong>DELETING RECORDS FROM DATA BROKERS WHEREVER POSSIBLE: </strong>they won&#8217;t all let you delete your public listings, but you can write to many data brokers to have your records expunged. Doing that now. Want to do that for yourself? Here&#8217;s <a href="http://www.pinchingyourpennies.com/forums/showpost.php?p=925396&amp;postcount=1">a great list of brokers and steps</a> to expunge your record.</p>
<h2>The bottom line</h2>
<p>As immensely valuable as my friend connections are to me, and as ironic as it is that social media is my vocation, and as much as I am aware that there&#8217;s already a ton of information available about me online — <strong>I will not help anyone stalk me, sell me as a product, or defraud me or my family.</strong> So my days of open &#8220;friends-only&#8221; sharing on Facebook are grinding to a halt, and I&#8217;m reexamining my entire social footprint, with less experimentation and with a greater eye on identity theft opportunities.</p>
<p>I suggest you do the same.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">* * *</p>
<p><em><strong>Pre-emptive Caveat:</strong> I have no solid proof of any social site selling data or operating in an unlawful way — I only have public behavior, news articles and company and government statements to examine as I determine the best course of action for myself. This isn&#8217;t about crucifying some company or the social media scene in general. Read, research and draw your own conclusions about privacy, your boundaries, and your participation in any social network. Also, this post and all others here at EricWeaver.com/BrandDialogue.com are my own views and not those of my employer, my clients, my wife, my family or our dog. </em></p>
<div style="border: 1px #666;">
<p><strong>Key Links for Your Own Research</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Gizmodo, &#8220;<a href="http://gizmodo.com/5576799/foursquare-privacy-hole-leaks-nearly-a-million-check+ins">FourSquare Privacy Hole Leaks Nearly a Million Checkins</a>&#8221; &#8211; 30 Jun 2010</li>
<li>Wall Street Journal, &#8220;<a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304772804575558484075236968.html">Facebook in Privacy Breach</a>&#8221; (apps that leak personal data) &#8211; 18 Oct 2010</li>
<li>Reuters, &#8220;<a href="http://blogs.reuters.com/reuters-money/2011/04/01/privacy-how-to-protect-yourself-from-data-brokers/" target="_blank">Privacy: How to Protect Yourself from Data Brokers</a>&#8221; &#8211; 1 Apr 2011</li>
<li>Carnegie Mellon University, &#8220;<a href="Faces of Facebook: Privacy in the Age of Augmented Reality">Faces of Facebook: Privacy in the Age of Augmented Reality</a>&#8221; &#8211; 4 Aug 2011</li>
<li>CBS News, &#8220;<a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-20088678-501465.html">Facebook&#8217;s facial recognition system, why it&#8217;s scary</a>&#8221; &#8211; 5 Aug 2011</li>
<li>C|Net, &#8220;<a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-17852_3-20111936-71/facebook-we-do-track-logged-out-users-but-trust-us/">Facebook: We do track logged-out users, but trust us</a>&#8221; (tracking your web activity even while signed out) &#8211; 26 Sep 2011</li>
<li>Stanford Law School, &#8220;<a href="http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/node/6740">Tracking the Trackers: Where Everybody Knows Your Username</a>&#8221; &#8211; 11 Oct 2011</li>
<li>CNN.com, &#8220;<a href="http://money.cnn.com/2011/11/29/technology/facebook_settlement/index.htm">Facebook settles FTC charges over 2009 privacy breaches</a>&#8221; &#8211; 29 Nov 2011</li>
<li>Betabeat, &#8220;<a href="http://www.betabeat.com/2011/12/23/exclusive-leaked-details-of-how-facebook-plans-to-sell-your-timeline-to-advertisers/">Leaked Details of How Facebook Plans To Sell Your Timeline to Advertisers</a>&#8221; (inside scoop on data monetization by former CTO) &#8211; 23 Dec 2011</li>
<li>Huffington Post, &#8220;<a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/06/facial-recognition-technology_n_1257382.html">Facial Recognition Technology: A Boon To Law Enforcement, A Blow To Privacy Advocates</a>&#8221; &#8211; 6 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Wall Street Journal, &#8220;<a href="http://projects.wsj.com/surveillance-catalog/">The Surveillance Catalog: where governments get their tools</a>&#8221; &#8211; 7 Feb 2012</li>
<li>CSO Online, &#8220;<a href="http://www.csoonline.com/article/699959/criminals-open-factory-outlet-to-sell-stolen-facebook-and-twitter-logins">Criminals Open &#8216;factory Outlet&#8217; to Sell Stolen Facebook and Twitter Logins</a>&#8221; &#8211; 10 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Washington Post, &#8220;<a href="Privacy controversy over Path for iPhone, iPad should be a wake-up call">Privacy controversy over Path for iPhone, iPad should be a wake-up call</a>&#8221; &#8211; 15 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Irish Times, &#8220;<a href="http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/frontpage/2012/0217/1224311919731.html">Twitter vows privacy changes after iPhone data admission</a>&#8221; &#8211; 17 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Orlando Sentinel, &#8220;<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-02-22/technology/os-identity-theft-social-media-smartphone-20120222_1_smartphone-apps-social-media-users-app-developers">ID theft rising among smartphone, social media users</a>&#8221; &#8211; 22 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Mercury News, &#8220;<a href="http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_20020837">California requires Google, Apple and other tech giants to enforce privacy standards on mobile apps</a>&#8221; &#8211; 22 Feb 2012</li>
<li>WhiteHouse.gov, &#8220;<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/02/23/we-can-t-wait-obama-administration-unveils-blueprint-privacy-bill-rights">Obama Administration Unveils Blueprint for a &#8216;Privacy Bill of Rights</a>&#8216;&#8221; &#8211; 23 Feb 2012</li>
<li>Pew Research Center, &#8220;<a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2012/PIP_Privacy_management_on_social_media_sites_022412.pdf">Privacy Management on Social Media Sites</a>&#8221; &#8211; 24 Feb 2012</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h4><strong>UPDATE 1 • MEN ARE MORE PUBLIC ON SOCIAL SITES • MAY 2012</strong></h4>
<p>In <a href="http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Privacy-management-on-social-media.aspx">a study just released</a> by Pew Internet Research Center , men seem to share more data online than women, who are more careful about what they post to social networks:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Privacy-management-on-social-media.aspx"><img decoding="async" data-attachment-id="1303" data-permalink="https://ericweaver.com/social-media-privacy-and-identity-theft-in-2012/men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media-2/" data-orig-file="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1.jpg" data-orig-size="774,472" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1.jpg" class="aligncenter  wp-image-1303" title="Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media" alt="" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1.jpg" width="580" srcset="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1.jpg 774w, https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1-300x183.jpg 300w, https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Men-are-braver-than-women-on-social-media1-768x468.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px" /></a></p>
<div><em>Forbes</em> covers this study <a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/24/are-men-more-reckless-than-women-on-facebook/">here</a>.</div>
<div></div>
<h4><strong>UPDATE 2 • SOCIAL POSTERS ARE HELPING FUEL THE RISE OF IDENTITY THEFT • MAY 2012</strong></h4>
<p>Also, according to a report by Javelin Research, social media users who post their personal information online or with smartphone apps are helping fuel the rise of <a href="http://www.nextadvisor.com/identity_theft_protection_services/index.php">identity theft</a> in the US, up 13% in 2011 from 2010.</p>
<h4><strong>UPDATE 3 • LOCK YOUR MAILBOXES • MAY 2012</strong></h4>
<p>Finally, our neighborhood watch group has noticed mailboxes all up and down our suburban residential street opened during the night. Identity theft is real, folks &#8211; and it&#8217;s not just hackers. As for us, we&#8217;re investing in a <a href="http://www.homedepot.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?productId=100041045&amp;storeId=10051&amp;langId=-1&amp;catalogId=10053&amp;ci_src=14110944&amp;ci_sku=100041045&amp;cm_mmc=shopping-_-googlebase-_-D25X-_-100041045">solid steel locking mailbox</a>.</p>
<p>Never thought <em>this</em> would be the shiny future I imagined as a kid. :/</p>
<p><strong>UPDATE 4 • NSA CRISIS • JULY 2013</strong></p>
<p>Well, needless to say &#8211; the June 2013 outing of the fact that the NSA is collecting data, not only on us but on our allies, amidst questionable laws and secret courts, really makes me have to step back and question not only my support of President Obama but of our government.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s likely that several potential terrorist incidents have been avoided through the use of clandestine data collection and wiretapping. But at what cost?!? I don&#8217;t care whether or not our &#8220;government is broken&#8221; &#8211; it must be accountable to its own citizens. There can be no possibility for corruption or ownership of such data activities by a handful of people, and if there is, we need our leadership to remove it.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s one thing to scrape public Internet data. It&#8217;s another to store the movement of all citizens through license-plate camera tracking, or remote hard drive searches, or tapping lines at foreign embassies. When we piss off our allies, we end up standing alone against the world. How much goodwill has been squandered by this incident? Are we really that damned paranoid?</p>
<p>The NSA activities are a national embarrassment, a destabilizer, and a powerful potential weapon against our fellow citizens.</p>
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		<title>Beware the Social Media Guru</title>
		<link>https://ericweaver.com/beware-the-social-media-guru/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2009 19:46:01 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[Guru. Expert. Pioneer. There's a surge of people who want to make a Twitter obsession their new job. But they're not marketers, they haven't built anything substantial, or they're pushing one-trick ponies. Don't fall for the hype. Here are six filters with which to examine would-be gurus.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="867" height="250" data-attachment-id="2540" data-permalink="https://ericweaver.com/beware-the-social-media-guru/social_media_guru/" data-orig-file="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/social_media_guru.jpg" data-orig-size="867,250" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="social_media_guru" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/social_media_guru.jpg" src="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/social_media_guru.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-2540" srcset="https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/social_media_guru.jpg 867w, https://ericweaver.com/wp-content/uploads/social_media_guru-300x87.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 867px) 100vw, 867px" /></figure>


<p> </p>
<h2>Expert. Guru. Genius. As jobs dry up and self-promotional tools proliferate, more and more people are rebranding themselves as Social Media Gurus. What you should watch out for, and why.</h2>
<p><em>(EDITOR'S NOTE: You may say to yourself, "Self, isn't this dufus a 'social media guru'?" Hell, no. The tools, trends and the power of the consumer are changing at an astonishing rate. This social media "bus" is moving far too fast for <strong>anyone</strong> to have pulled it over and taken apart the engine. Beware those who say they have.)</em></p>
<p><strong>If you're like most marketers,</strong> you are a Very Busy Person. Chances are your budget has been slashed, your staff has been outsourced, and as sales dry up, you're under the gun to produce leads, build awareness and convert fence-sitters. Most of the marketers I know are insanely busy, running from meeting to meeting, juggling project after project. In many cases, the reason we got into this business—the chance to apply creativity and strategy to the brand we built or fell in love with—has been diluted through quarterly goals, reduced budgets and increasingly unreasonable expectations. Our dream job, now a nightmare. What's a marketer to do?</p>
<p>Because we're the cheerleaders for the company, and because we love those shiny objects, we may look at social marketing tools and tactics as a hopefully inexpensive solution to the demands placed on us. We've heard a <em>lot</em> about Twitter, or we get conference mailers to new media events we can't take the time to attend, espousing the green, green grass of branded Facebook pages and magically viral videos. Perhaps these are levers we can pull to generate success. But where to start?</p>
<p>Being overworked, often we turn to outsourced consultants, particularly in the case of trials. A quick Google search, or a trolling of LinkedIn, produces a glut of results, mostly saying the same thing: "social media guru." "Marketing innnovator." "Facebook expert." In a hurry, we may reach out to one or two, to see how they approach engagements and brands like ours.</p>
<p>When money is tight and expectations are high, the last thing you need is a mistake to be held up to public scrutiny. You ask yourself, "should I go with a big agency? They've gotta be more buttoned up, right? Or should I find a best-of-breed consultant who specializes in this stuff?"</p>
<p>Part of the problem of a Google search for help is the level of noise. Social tools help extend brands like yours. They also help amplify the voices of self-named gurus. So sifting through the results can be daunting at best.</p>
<p>Here are six key traits I would recommend you look for, and watch out for.</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Look for a media-agnostic perspective. </strong>Many people are enamored with the tools, extolling their virtues to eager, curious audiences. The reality is just that: <em>these are tools.</em> Not strategies. Not programs. Ask the consultant how they perceive social marketing tools and their place within a marketing mix that includes traditional channels. If you get the standard <a href="http://www.cluetrain.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cluetrain Manifesto</a> response or someone who is all about the amazing miracle that is Twitter/Facebook/etc., keep looking.</li>
<li><strong>Look for a marketer, not a technologist.</strong> Marketers often feel that these new tools are technical because they live on the Web, and therefore they are less qualified to investigate or even understand these tools. <em>This could not be further from the truth.</em> Marketers see tools in terms of brand, outreach, dialogue, and trust—the real levers in market engagement. Technologists-<em>cum</em>-marketers often feel they are equally creative, have a customer perspective and understand branding, but the reality is they don't—not really. Look for marketers who have embraced and utilized social tools as part of overarching awareness, conversion or loyalty campaigns. They'll be speaking your language and you'll know they have felt your pain.</li>
<li><strong>Look for quality of thought, not quantity—clients, not followers. </strong>Many social media dilettantes will generate a cult following of people who are similarly enamored by the technology. The gurus will engage in endless and frequent conversations with their fans, exploring heady subjects like <em>"<a href="http://www.skittles.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">by replacing their homepage with a Twitter search</a>, did Skittles do something forward-thinking, or lazy?"</em> That's all fine and dandy, but what have these experts done with actual client brands? There are plenty of armchair marketers out there—<strong><em>don't mistake online popularity or digital verbosity with expertise. </em></strong>Food for thought: the people who are truly busy building digital programs for their clients don't really have the time to create a daunting stream of social media run-off.</li>
<li><strong>Look for selflessness rather than self-interest.</strong> Everyone has a mortgage to pay—that's to be expected. Yet what if a rocky relationship with a consultant turns ugly, and your brand (or even you personally) are paraded before a guru's fanbase and the public as a Cautionary Tale, an idiot...or worse? What if an "expert" really doesn't know what they're talking about, and blames you for the results of a campaign? A successful consultant will act as a champion and advocate for their client brands AND their clients: helping you understand the new tools, and how to achieve your own goals. The best ones will place your goals over their own, even if it means passing up a possible long-term relationship to provide you with a short-term solution. Sharks don't always need ramora fish to help keep them clean. Similarly, watch out for hangers-on who are more interested in a steady stream of work than doing the right thing for your brand.</li>
<li><strong>Look for evidence of commitment.</strong> This is the Age of Non-Commitment. There are examples everywhere. It's hard to commit to a job when the management team may not be committed to you. It's hard to commit to a vendor when you've been screwed in the past. And if you're a consultant, it can be hard to commit to completing a project if 1) you have a propensity for overcommitment, usually out of fear, or 2) when finding and locking down executional resources can be challenging. I myself am ashamed to say that despite a huge desire to be completely responsible, I too have flaked on a project. Never intentionally, but the client was impacted nonetheless. Look for client testimonials and proof positive that this "guru" has come through for people like yourself.</li>
<li><strong>Look for final products, and ask them to fully disclose their role. </strong>"I've built a corporate blog for Client X." Does that mean they threw a WordPress installation together? Anyone can do that. Is there evidence of executive coaching in blog protocol? Discussion of how a blog can integrate into publicity efforts? Talk of engagement guardrails—when to engage trolls and when to be silent? It's not a blog implementation that's important so much as a consultant's understanding of how it fits into an overall engagement strategy, knowing the difference between fluff and true value, and how to create a content creation process within the enterprise. Same applies for podcasts, Facebook fan pages, or a custom YouTube channel.</li>
</ol>
<p>I'd also encourage you to attend great conferences like the <a href="http://www.forrester.com/events/eventdetail?eventID=2375" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Forrester Marketing Summit</a> to hear case studies of marketers who used consultants to great success, or inquiring at your local AMA luncheon to see if any local folks have utilized your prospective consultant.</p>
<p>It's tough to find good help these days. Vetting the gurus with these six filters in mind should help you find a truly valuable resource, rather than a noisy "tool guy" who talks a good game but is totally cool learning how to "market" on your dime.</p>
<p><a href="http://my.commetrics.com/activate=09eed257f6c8597b27411e38e23d7451">my.commetrics.com</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
					
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